Mu DC circuit, capacitor ndi yofanana ndi open circuit. Capacitor ndi mtundu wa chinthu chomwe chimatha kusunga magetsi, ndipo ndi chimodzi mwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.zida zamagetsiIzi zimayamba ndi kapangidwe ka capacitor. Ma capacitor osavuta kwambiri amakhala ndi ma polar plates kumapeto onse awiri ndi insulating dielectric (kuphatikiza mpweya) pakati. Akapatsidwa mphamvu, ma plates amachajidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa voltage (kusiyana komwe kungatheke), koma chifukwa cha insulating material pakati, capacitor yonse siigwira ntchito. Komabe, nkhaniyi ili ndi zofunikira kuti voltage yofunika (breakdown voltage) ya capacitor isapitirire. Monga tikudziwira, chinthu chilichonse chimakhala ndi insulated pang'ono. Pamene voltage pa chinthu ikukwera mpaka pamlingo winawake, zinthu zonse zimatha kuyendetsa magetsi, omwe amatchedwa breakdown voltage. Ma capacitor nawonso ndi osiyana. Ma capacitor akaphwanyidwa, si insulators. Komabe, mu gawo la pakati pa sukulu, ma voltage otere sawoneka mu circuit, kotero onse amagwira ntchito pansi pa breakdown voltage ndipo amatha kuonedwa ngati insulators. Komabe, mu ma AC circuits, njira ya kusintha kwa current imadalira nthawi. Njira yochajira ndi kutulutsa ma capacitor ili ndi nthawi. Panthawiyi, mphamvu yamagetsi yosintha imapangidwa pakati pa ma electrode, ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi iyi imasinthanso pakapita nthawi. Ndipotu, mphamvu yamagetsi imadutsa pakati pa ma capacitor mu mawonekedwe a mphamvu yamagetsi.

Ntchito ya capacitor：

●Kulumikiza:Capacitor yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu coupling circuit imatchedwa coupling capacitor, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu resistance-capacitance coupling amplifier ndi ma capacitive coupling circuits ena, ndipo imagwira ntchito yolekanitsa DC ndi AC.

●Kusefa:Ma capacitor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma filter circuits amatchedwa ma filter capacitor, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu power filter ndi ma filter circuits osiyanasiyana. Ma filter capacitor amachotsa ma signal mkati mwa frequency band inayake kuchokera ku total signal.

●Kuduladula:Ma capacitor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikiza ma circuit amatchedwa ma connector capacitor, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma DC voltage supply circuits a multistage amplifiers. Ma decoupling capacitor amachotsa ma cross-connections oopsa omwe amakhala ndi ma frequency otsika pakati pa siteji iliyonse ya amplifier.

●Kuchotsa kugwedezeka kwa pafupipafupi kwambiri:Capacitor yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu dera lochotsa kugwedezeka kwa ma frequency ambiri imatchedwa capacitor yochotsa kugwedezeka kwa ma frequency ambiri. Mu amplifier yotsitsa mawu yoyipa, kuti ichotse kudzikuza kwa ma frequency ambiri komwe kungachitike, dera la capacitor ili limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa kulira kwa ma frequency ambiri komwe kungachitike mu amplifier.

●Kumveka bwino:Ma capacitor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma LC resonant circuits amatchedwa ma resonant capacitors, omwe amafunikira mu ma LC parallel ndi series resonant circuits.

●Lambalala:Capacitor yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu bypass circuit imatchedwa bypass capacitor. Ngati chizindikiro mu frequency band inayake chikufunika kuchotsedwa pa chizindikiro mu circuit, bypass capacitor circuit ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa chizindikiro chochotsedwa, pali full frequency domain (zizindikiro zonse za AC) bypass capacitor circuit ndi high frequency bypass capacitor circuit.

●Kusalowererapo:Ma capacitor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma circuits oletsa kugwedezeka amatchedwa ma capacitor oletsa kugwedezeka. Mu ma amplifiers a radio high frequency ndi intermediate frequency ndi ma amplifiers a TV high frequency, circuit iyi ya neutralization capacitor imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa kudzikuza.

●Nthawi:Ma capacitor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma timing circuits amatchedwa timing capacitors. Timing capacitor circuit imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu circuit yomwe imafunika kulamulira nthawi pochaja ndi kutulutsa ma capacitors, ndipo ma capacitor amachita gawo lolamulira nthawi yokhazikika.

●Kuphatikizana:Ma capacitor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma circuit ophatikizana amatchedwa ma integration capacitors. Mu synchronous separation circuit ya electric potential field scanning, field synchronous signal imatha kuchotsedwa ku field compound synchronous signal pogwiritsa ntchito integral capacitor circuit iyi.

●Kusiyana:Ma capacitor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma differential circuits amatchedwa differential capacitors. Kuti mupeze spike trigger signal mu flip-flop circuit, differential capacitor circuit imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza spike pulse trigger signal kuchokera ku zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana (makamaka rectangular pulse).

●Malipiro:Capacitor yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu gawo lolipirira imatchedwa compensation capacitor. Mu gawo lolipirira la bass la chogwirizira khadi, gawo lolipirira la low-frequency capacitor limeneli limagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza chizindikiro cha low-frequency mu chizindikiro chosewera. Kuphatikiza apo, pali dera lolipirira la high-frequency capacitor.

●Chingwe choyambira:Capacitor yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu bootstrap circuit imatchedwa bootstrap capacitor, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu output stage circuit ya OTL power amplifier kuti iwonjezere positive half-cycle amplitude ya chizindikiro kudzera mu positive feedback.

●Kugawa pafupipafupi:Kachipangizo kamene kali mu frequency division circuit kamatchedwa frequency division capacitor. Mu loudspeaker frequency division circuit ya bokosi la mawu, frequency division capacitor circuit imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti loudspeaker yapamwamba igwire ntchito mu high-frequency band, medium-frequency loudspeaker igwire ntchito mu medium-frequency band ndi low-frequency loudspeaker igwire ntchito mu low-frequency band.

●Katundu wokwanira:limatanthauza mphamvu yogwira ntchito yakunja yomwe imatsimikiza kuchuluka kwa resonant ya katundu pamodzi ndi quartz crystal resonator. Miyezo yodziwika bwino ya ma load capacitor ndi 16pF, 20pF, 30pF, 50pF, ndi 100pF. Mphamvu yogwira ntchito imatha kusinthidwa malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya resonator kumatha kusinthidwa kukhala mtengo wodziwika bwino posintha.

Pakadali pano, makampani opanga mafilimu akulowa munthawi ya chitukuko chokhazikika kuyambira
nthawi ya kukula mofulumira, ndipo mphamvu yatsopano ndi yakale ya kinetic yamakampaniyi ili mu
gawo losinthira.