Sabata ino tikambirana momwe ma capacitor a filimu amagwiritsidwira ntchito m'malo mwa ma capacitor a electrolytic mu ma capacitor a DC-link. Nkhaniyi igawidwa m'magawo awiri.

Ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale atsopano amagetsi, ukadaulo wamagetsi wosinthasintha umagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenerera, ndipo ma capacitor a DC-Link ndi ofunikira kwambiri ngati chimodzi mwa zida zofunika kwambiri pakusankha. Ma capacitor a DC-Link mu zosefera za DC nthawi zambiri amafunikira mphamvu yayikulu, kukonza mphamvu yamagetsi yayikulu komanso mphamvu yamagetsi yayikulu, ndi zina zotero. Poyerekeza makhalidwe a ma capacitor amafilimu ndi ma capacitor amagetsi ndikusanthula ntchito zokhudzana nazo, pepalali likumaliza kuti m'mapangidwe a circuit omwe amafunikira mphamvu yamagetsi yayikulu, mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yayikulu (Irms), zofunikira pamagetsi ochulukirapo, kusintha kwamagetsi, mphamvu yamagetsi yolowera (dV/dt) yayikulu komanso moyo wautali. Ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wamagetsi woyika nthunzi ndi ukadaulo wamagetsi amagetsi, ma capacitor amafilimu adzakhala chizolowezi cha wopanga kusintha ma capacitor amagetsi malinga ndi magwiridwe antchito ndi mtengo mtsogolo.

Ndi kuyambitsidwa kwa mfundo zatsopano zokhudzana ndi mphamvu komanso chitukuko cha mafakitale atsopano amagetsi m'maiko osiyanasiyana, chitukuko cha mafakitale okhudzana ndi izi chabweretsa mwayi watsopano. Ndipo ma capacitor, monga makampani ofunikira okhudzana ndi zinthu, nawonso apeza mwayi watsopano wopititsa patsogolo. Mu magalimoto atsopano amphamvu ndi mphamvu, ma capacitor ndi zigawo zofunika kwambiri pakulamulira mphamvu, kasamalidwe ka mphamvu, inverter yamagetsi ndi machitidwe osinthira a DC-AC omwe amatsimikiza moyo wa chosinthira. Komabe, mu inverter, mphamvu ya DC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero lamagetsi lolowera, lomwe limalumikizidwa ku inverter kudzera mu basi ya DC, yomwe imatchedwa DC-Link kapena thandizo la DC. Popeza inverter imalandira RMS yayikulu ndi ma peak pulse currents kuchokera ku DC-Link, imapanga voltage yayikulu ya pulse pa DC-Link, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti inverter ikhale yovuta kupirira. Chifukwa chake, capacitor ya DC-Link imafunika kuti itenge mphamvu yayikulu ya pulse current kuchokera ku DC-Link ndikuletsa kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu yayikulu ya pulse ya inverter kuli mkati mwa malire ovomerezeka; kumbali ina, imalepheretsanso ma inverter kukhudzidwa ndi overshoot yamagetsi ndi transient over-voltage pa DC-Link.

Chithunzi chojambulira cha kugwiritsa ntchito ma capacitor a DC-Link mu mphamvu zatsopano (kuphatikiza kupanga mphamvu ya mphepo ndi kupanga mphamvu ya photovoltaic) ndi makina atsopano oyendetsa magalimoto amagetsi akuwonetsedwa mu Zithunzi 1 ndi 2.

Chithunzi 1 chikuwonetsa topology ya dera losinthira mphamvu ya mphepo, komwe C1 ndi DC-Link (nthawi zambiri imaphatikizidwa ku module ), C2 ndi kuyamwa kwa IGBT, C3 ndi kusefa kwa LC (mbali yaukonde), ndi kusefa kwa DV/DT mbali ya rotor ya C4. Chithunzi 2 chikuwonetsa ukadaulo wa dera losinthira mphamvu ya PV, komwe C1 ndi kusefa kwa DC, C2 ndi kusefa kwa EMI, C4 ndi DC-Link, C6 ndi kusefa kwa LC (mbali ya gridi), C3 ndi kusefa kwa DC, ndipo C5 ndi kuyamwa kwa IPM/IGBT. Chithunzi 3 chikuwonetsa dongosolo lalikulu la kuyendetsa mota mu dongosolo latsopano la magalimoto amphamvu, komwe C3 ndi DC-Link ndipo C4 ndi IGBT absorption capacitor.

Mu ntchito zatsopano zamagetsi zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, ma capacitor a DC-Link, monga chipangizo chofunikira, amafunika kuti akhale odalirika komanso azitha kukhala ndi moyo wautali m'makina opanga mphamvu za mphepo, makina opanga mphamvu za photovoltaic ndi makina atsopano a magalimoto amphamvu, kotero kusankha kwawo ndikofunikira kwambiri. Zotsatirazi ndi kufananiza makhalidwe a ma capacitor a filimu ndi ma capacitor a electrolytic ndi kusanthula kwawo mu ntchito ya DC-Link capacitor.

1. Kuyerekeza kwa mawonekedwe

1.1 Ma capacitor a filimu

Mfundo yaukadaulo wa metallization ya filimu imayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito: chitsulo chochepa mokwanira chimasungunuka pamwamba pa filimu yopyapyala. Pakakhala cholakwika m'chipindacho, chitsulocho chimatha kusungunuka motero chimachotsa malo olakwika kuti chitetezedwe, chinthu chodziwika kuti kudzichiritsa.

Chithunzi 4 chikuwonetsa mfundo ya utoto wa metallization, komwe filimu yopyapyala imakonzedwa kale (corona ya mwanjira ina) isanayambe kupangidwa nthunzi kuti mamolekyu achitsulo athe kuigwira. Chitsulocho chimasanduka nthunzi mwa kusungunuka pa kutentha kwakukulu pansi pa vacuum (1400℃ mpaka 1600℃ ya aluminiyamu ndi 400℃ mpaka 600℃ ya zinc), ndipo nthunzi yachitsulo imapindika pamwamba pa filimuyo ikakumana ndi filimu yoziziritsidwa (kutentha kozizira kwa filimu -25℃ mpaka -35℃), motero kupanga utoto wachitsulo. Kukula kwa ukadaulo wa metallization kwakweza mphamvu ya dielectric ya dielectric ya filimu pa makulidwe a unit, ndipo kapangidwe ka capacitor yogwiritsira ntchito pulse kapena discharge ya ukadaulo wouma kumatha kufika 500V/µm, ndipo kapangidwe ka capacitor yogwiritsira ntchito DC filter kumatha kufika 250V/µm. DC-Link capacitor ndi ya yomaliza, ndipo malinga ndi IEC61071 ya capacitor yogwiritsira ntchito zamagetsi zamagetsi imatha kupirira kugwedezeka kwamphamvu kwamagetsi, ndipo imatha kufika kawiri kuposa voliyumu yovotera.

Chifukwa chake, wogwiritsa ntchito amangofunika kuganizira za voltage yogwiritsira ntchito yomwe ikufunika pa kapangidwe kake. Ma capacitor a filimu yachitsulo ali ndi ESR yotsika, yomwe imawalola kupirira mafunde akuluakulu; ESL yotsika imakwaniritsa zofunikira pakupanga ma inverters otsika ndipo imachepetsa mphamvu ya oscillation pa ma frequency osinthasintha.

Ubwino wa dielectric ya filimu, ubwino wa chophimba chachitsulo, kapangidwe ka capacitor ndi njira yopangira zimatsimikiza makhalidwe a ma capacitor achitsulo omwe amachiritsidwa okha. Dielectric ya filimu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma capacitor a DC-Link omwe amapangidwa makamaka ndi filimu ya OPP.

Zomwe zili mu chaputala 1.2 zidzasindikizidwa mu nkhani ya sabata yamawa.